221 lines
7.9 KiB
Python
221 lines
7.9 KiB
Python
"""
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maxminddb.reader
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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This module contains the pure Python database reader and related classes.
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"""
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from __future__ import unicode_literals
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try:
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import mmap
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except ImportError:
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# pylint: disable=invalid-name
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mmap = None
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import struct
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from maxminddb.compat import byte_from_int, int_from_byte, ipaddress
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from maxminddb.const import MODE_AUTO, MODE_MMAP, MODE_FILE, MODE_MEMORY
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from maxminddb.decoder import Decoder
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from maxminddb.errors import InvalidDatabaseError
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from maxminddb.file import FileBuffer
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class Reader(object):
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"""
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Instances of this class provide a reader for the MaxMind DB format. IP
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addresses can be looked up using the ``get`` method.
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"""
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_DATA_SECTION_SEPARATOR_SIZE = 16
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_METADATA_START_MARKER = b"\xAB\xCD\xEFMaxMind.com"
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_ipv4_start = None
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def __init__(self, database, mode=MODE_AUTO):
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"""Reader for the MaxMind DB file format
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Arguments:
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database -- A path to a valid MaxMind DB file such as a GeoIP2
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database file.
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mode -- mode to open the database with. Valid mode are:
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* MODE_MMAP - read from memory map.
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* MODE_FILE - read database as standard file.
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* MODE_MEMORY - load database into memory.
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* MODE_AUTO - tries MODE_MMAP and then MODE_FILE. Default.
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"""
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if (mode == MODE_AUTO and mmap) or mode == MODE_MMAP:
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with open(database, 'rb') as db_file:
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self._buffer = mmap.mmap(
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db_file.fileno(), 0, access=mmap.ACCESS_READ)
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self._buffer_size = self._buffer.size()
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elif mode in (MODE_AUTO, MODE_FILE):
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self._buffer = FileBuffer(database)
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self._buffer_size = self._buffer.size()
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elif mode == MODE_MEMORY:
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with open(database, 'rb') as db_file:
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self._buffer = db_file.read()
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self._buffer_size = len(self._buffer)
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else:
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raise ValueError('Unsupported open mode ({0}). Only MODE_AUTO, '
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' MODE_FILE, and MODE_MEMORY are support by the pure Python '
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'Reader'.format(mode))
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metadata_start = self._buffer.rfind(self._METADATA_START_MARKER,
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max(0, self._buffer_size
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- 128 * 1024))
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if metadata_start == -1:
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self.close()
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raise InvalidDatabaseError('Error opening database file ({0}). '
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'Is this a valid MaxMind DB file?'
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''.format(database))
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metadata_start += len(self._METADATA_START_MARKER)
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metadata_decoder = Decoder(self._buffer, metadata_start)
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(metadata, _) = metadata_decoder.decode(metadata_start)
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self._metadata = Metadata(
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**metadata) # pylint: disable=bad-option-value
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self._decoder = Decoder(self._buffer, self._metadata.search_tree_size
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+ self._DATA_SECTION_SEPARATOR_SIZE)
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def metadata(self):
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"""Return the metadata associated with the MaxMind DB file"""
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return self._metadata
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def get(self, ip_address):
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"""Return the record for the ip_address in the MaxMind DB
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Arguments:
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ip_address -- an IP address in the standard string notation
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"""
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address = ipaddress.ip_address(ip_address)
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if address.version == 6 and self._metadata.ip_version == 4:
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raise ValueError('Error looking up {0}. You attempted to look up '
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'an IPv6 address in an IPv4-only database.'.format(
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ip_address))
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pointer = self._find_address_in_tree(address)
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return self._resolve_data_pointer(pointer) if pointer else None
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def _find_address_in_tree(self, ip_address):
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packed = ip_address.packed
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bit_count = len(packed) * 8
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node = self._start_node(bit_count)
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for i in range(bit_count):
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if node >= self._metadata.node_count:
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break
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bit = 1 & (int_from_byte(packed[i >> 3]) >> 7 - (i % 8))
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node = self._read_node(node, bit)
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if node == self._metadata.node_count:
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# Record is empty
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return 0
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elif node > self._metadata.node_count:
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return node
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raise InvalidDatabaseError('Invalid node in search tree')
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def _start_node(self, length):
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if self._metadata.ip_version != 6 or length == 128:
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return 0
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# We are looking up an IPv4 address in an IPv6 tree. Skip over the
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# first 96 nodes.
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if self._ipv4_start:
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return self._ipv4_start
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node = 0
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for _ in range(96):
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if node >= self._metadata.node_count:
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break
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node = self._read_node(node, 0)
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self._ipv4_start = node
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return node
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def _read_node(self, node_number, index):
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base_offset = node_number * self._metadata.node_byte_size
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record_size = self._metadata.record_size
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if record_size == 24:
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offset = base_offset + index * 3
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node_bytes = b'\x00' + self._buffer[offset:offset + 3]
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elif record_size == 28:
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(middle,) = struct.unpack(
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b'!B', self._buffer[base_offset + 3:base_offset + 4])
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if index:
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middle &= 0x0F
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else:
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middle = (0xF0 & middle) >> 4
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offset = base_offset + index * 4
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node_bytes = byte_from_int(
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middle) + self._buffer[offset:offset + 3]
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elif record_size == 32:
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offset = base_offset + index * 4
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node_bytes = self._buffer[offset:offset + 4]
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else:
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raise InvalidDatabaseError(
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'Unknown record size: {0}'.format(record_size))
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return struct.unpack(b'!I', node_bytes)[0]
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def _resolve_data_pointer(self, pointer):
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resolved = pointer - self._metadata.node_count + \
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self._metadata.search_tree_size
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if resolved > self._buffer_size:
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raise InvalidDatabaseError(
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"The MaxMind DB file's search tree is corrupt")
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(data, _) = self._decoder.decode(resolved)
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return data
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def close(self):
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"""Closes the MaxMind DB file and returns the resources to the system"""
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# pylint: disable=unidiomatic-typecheck
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if type(self._buffer) not in (str, bytes):
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self._buffer.close()
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class Metadata(object):
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"""Metadata for the MaxMind DB reader"""
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# pylint: disable=too-many-instance-attributes
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def __init__(self, **kwargs):
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"""Creates new Metadata object. kwargs are key/value pairs from spec"""
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# Although I could just update __dict__, that is less obvious and it
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# doesn't work well with static analysis tools and some IDEs
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self.node_count = kwargs['node_count']
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self.record_size = kwargs['record_size']
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self.ip_version = kwargs['ip_version']
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self.database_type = kwargs['database_type']
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self.languages = kwargs['languages']
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self.binary_format_major_version = kwargs[
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'binary_format_major_version']
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self.binary_format_minor_version = kwargs[
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'binary_format_minor_version']
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self.build_epoch = kwargs['build_epoch']
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self.description = kwargs['description']
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@property
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def node_byte_size(self):
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"""The size of a node in bytes"""
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return self.record_size // 4
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@property
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def search_tree_size(self):
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"""The size of the search tree"""
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return self.node_count * self.node_byte_size
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def __repr__(self):
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args = ', '.join('%s=%r' % x for x in self.__dict__.items())
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return '{module}.{class_name}({data})'.format(
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module=self.__module__,
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class_name=self.__class__.__name__,
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data=args)
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